The monopropellant temperature (ie if you used pure AP as the explosive, which is AIUI the normal route) is only 1400 deg K not actually that high for an explosive, only a bit higher than ammonium nitrate's 1250 K. Burned with a fuel, that number rises substantially, of course (often into .

Chemistry of the Cupric Chloride and Ammoniacal Etchants. ... Chlorine gas can, of course, be very dangerous to any form of life, even to process engineers. ... In other words, the ammonium ion is the spent ammonia after it is reacted with acid. What this means is that the pH controls the "free" ammonia.

The best reason for not grinding on the same wheel is that aluminum will clog up a grinding wheel. Of course I don't have two grinders so I have to use the same one for both and have to dress the wheel once in a while because of the aluminum. ... and, with ammonium perchlorate added as an oxidizer, has provided the thrust for the space shuttle ...

Question. Ammonium perchlorate NH4ClO4 is the solid rocket fuel used by the Space. Shuttle. It reacts with itself to produce nitrogen gas N2, chlorine gas Cl2, oxygen gas O2, water H2O, and a .

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Ammonium perchlorateNH4ClO4is a powerful solid rocket fuel, used in the Space Shuttle boosters. It decomposes into nitrogenN2gas, chlorineCl2gas, oxygenO2gas and water vapor, releasing a great deal of energy. Calculate the moles of oxygen produced by the reaction ammonium perchlorate.

The composition comprises an intimate mixture of ammonium perchlorate oxidizer and elastomeric fuel binder in such proportions as to provide a burning rate of to inches per second at a pressure of 1000 and has incorporated therein 5 to 35% of ammonium sulfate as an acceleration force desensitizing agent.

P is the propellant of the Space Shuttle's solid booster and it stands for Ammonium Perchlorate Composite Propellant.

It is very a good propellant with high performance : high specific impulse (300s average against 160s for rocket candy), high thrust and is not very expensive.

The chemicals needed are, of course ...

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addition of citric acid, based on expected concentrations of oxygen, nitrate and perchlorate. Mobilization of both Fe and Mn was minimal during the course of Phase I operation. With the exception of two shallow wells closest to the HFTWU, soluble Fe concentrations .

• Extruded cartridge grain that is cured and then loaded into motor cases • Most motors consist of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin with varying ballistic modifiers • Low quantities and tend to be oldest stocks in missile demil inventory • Typically stable but are monitored for stabilizer content • Propellant safety risk from impact (.

Perchlorate definition: any salt or ester of perchloric acid. Perchlorate salts contain the ion ClO 4 – | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples

Jul 23, 2005· Aluminum and nonferrous alloys are verboten on bench grinders. Grinding anything but steel with my grinders without special permission will fetch you some rough language and maybe a lump or two if you're in range. If you want to deburr aluminum use a belt sander.

Nov 10, 2018· Thus, the structure and properties of mechanically activated in a planetary mill ammonium perchlorate have been studied. Mechanical treatment leads to a substantial decrease in the temperature of onset of the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and the appearance of a rapid release of oxygen immediately after a phase transition at 250 °C.

Influence of Mechanoactivation on Detonation Parameters of Perchlorate Based Mixtures . A. Yu. Dolgoborodov. 1,2,3, V. G. Kirilenko ... In this report the new data on Alcontaining MAECs based on ammonium perchlorate are presented. ... to be caused by friction heatingup in the course of mixing it is necessary to provide liquid layer in

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Ammonium hydroxide is not as strong a base as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. This is not, however, because the ammonium ion acts as a acid and neutralizes the base, it is because the positive ammonium ion tends to associate with the hydroxide ion to form an ion pair, NH 4 OH(aq) which is neither an acid nor a base, thus reducing the concentration of free hydroxide ions in the solution.

During the course of 2016, the setting of maximum levels for perchlorate in food/certain foods will be considered, based upon the outcome of the scientific opinion and monitoring data generated in execution of the Commission Recommendation (and other recent monitoring data, data generated after 1 September 2013).

SODIUM PERCHLORATE is a strong oxidizing agent. Explosively decomposed at over 130°C [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. A mixture with powdered magnesium is a frictionsensitive mixture [Safety Eng. Reports 1947]. A mixture with ammonium nitrate is used as an explosive [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:608 1956].

Instant Fire Potassium chlorate, KClO 3, is a white, crystalline or powdery solid which is a very good oxidizing agent; it is used in explosives, fireworks, matches, etc. When it decomposes under heating (especially in the presence of a manganese catalyst), it releases molecular oxygen, O 2 :

Nevertheless, now it is known that (per)chloratereducing bacteria are found in many different environments (13, 31, 40). (Per)chloratereducing bacteria use the highly oxidized chlorate ion as the sole electron acceptor for oxidation of organic matter in a previously unknown mode of respiration .

increases of influent dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations on biological perchlorate removal. The goal was to evaluate the extent by which chemisorption of oxygen to GAC can enhance the stability of biological perchlorate reduction. Baseline influent concentrations were 50mg/L of perchlorate, 2mg/L of acetate as C, and 1mg/L of DO.

ammonium perchlorate, nitramines, such as HMX, RDX and CL20 (HNIW), composite ammonium perchlorateinert binder propellants, composite propellants based on a nitramine and an active binder, aluminum, with respect to the two previous types of propellants, additives, when appropriate. The features of the combustion zone described are:

Coffee Grinding questions, need expert knowledge! posted in Pyrotechnics: I have just got some new pyro chemicals and the oxidisers are all granular/ sugar like. I have potassium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, and potassium chlorate. I have ordered a coffee grinder to mill the chemicals down to a usable mesh. I've heard of (per)chlorate / nitrate incombatibilities, can anyone expand on this?